Amino acid sune muhimman abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin al'amuran rayuwa.Tare da ci gaban kimiyyar halitta, da fahimtar ɗan adam game da ayyukan ilimin lissafi da ayyukan rayuwa a cikin rayayyun halittu, mahimman ayyukan nazarin halittu na amino acid a cikin halittu masu rai sun ƙara bayyana.Amino acid sune abinci mai gina jiki na rayayyun halittu, abu mai matukar mahimmanci don rayuwa da haɓakawa, kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita tsarin metabolism na kayan abu da watsa bayanai a cikin jikin mai rai.

A cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, an samu gagarumin ci gaba a bincike, ci gaba, da aikace-aikacen amino acid, wajen gano sabbin nau'o'in amino acid da lambobi daga nau'ikan nau'ikan amino acid kusan 50 a cikin shekarun 1960, ya zuwa yanzu sun haura nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan amino acid 400.Dangane da abin da ake fitarwa, samar da amino acid a duniya ya kai ton 100,000 kacal, yanzu ya tsallake miliyoyin ton, wanda ya samu sama da dala biliyan 10.Amma akwai dogon kuka daga ainihin buƙatar, wanda masana ke tsammanin ya kai dala biliyan 30 nan da shekara ta 2000. Amino acid ana amfani da su sosai a matsayin kayan abinci na ɗan adam, abubuwan ƙara kayan yaji, abubuwan abinci, magunguna, da sauransu a cikin masana'antar abinci, aikin gona, kiwon dabbobi. , Lafiyar dan Adam, kula da lafiya, da sauran bangarori da dama.

Baya ga ci gaba cikin sauri a fasahar samarwa da hanyoyin fasahar masana'antar amino acid a cikin gida da waje, sarrafa amino acid mai zurfi da haɓaka sabbin samfura wani yanayi ne.Amino acid kayayyakin sun ɓullo da daga gargajiya gina jiki zuwa ciki har da wadanda ba sunadaran amino acid, amino acid samu, da kuma gajere peptides, wani babban aji na ƙara muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwar mutum da samar da kungiyoyin, wanda ya ba da ci gaba da ci gaban da amino acid samar. kasuwa mafi girma, don amino acid da masana'antu masu alaƙa zuwa cikin sabon kuzari.

Dangane da magani, abubuwan da ake amfani da su na amino acid da ake amfani da su azaman magungunan asibiti a halin yanzu suna aiki sosai, duka a cikin maganin cututtukan hanta, cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan ulcers, ulceration, cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, abubuwan da ke hana kumburi, kuma babu ƙasa da ɗaruruwan amino. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na acid don magani.Alal misali, 4-hydroxyproline yana da matukar tasiri wajen magance ciwon hanta na kullum da kuma hana cirrhosis.N-acetyl-L-glutamine aluminum, dihydroxyl aluminum-L-histidine, histidine-vitamin u-methionine, N-acetyltryptophan aluminum, titanium, bismuth duk magunguna ne masu tasiri ga cututtukan cututtuka.N-diethyline-ethyl-N-acetylglutamatergic yana mayar da gajiya, jiyya da kuma lalatawar motsa jiki wanda ke haifar da damuwa da cututtukan cerebrovascular.Syngoguses na La-methyl-β tyrosine tare da callose phenylalanine dehydroxylase, D-3-sulfhydryl-2-methyl acetyl-L proline, da diuretics, duk suna da kyau intensives.Arginine aspirin, lysine aspirin, duka suna kula da tasirin aspirin analgesic, amma kuma na iya rage illa.N-acetylcysteine ​​​​hydrochloride yana da ingantaccen inganci akan mashako.Amino acid polymers yanzu sun zama sabon kayan aikin tiyata da ake amfani da su a gwaji na asibiti.Misali, tare da kullin rauni mai laushi wanda ke kwaikwayon fata na halitta da aka samar ta hanyar copolymerization na leucine da esterified glutamate ko aspartate acid, raunin na iya yin bandeji ba tare da an cire shi ba kuma ya zama wani yanki na fata.

Magungunan Peptide kuma wani muhimmin al'amari ne na aikace-aikacen magungunan amino acid, irin su glutathione magani ne mai inganci don magance cututtukan hanta, guba na miyagun ƙwayoyi, cututtukan rashin lafiyan, da hana ido.Vasopressin, haɗe da amino acid 9, yana haɓaka hawan jini a cikin arteries masu kyau da capillaries kuma yana da tasirin anti-diuretic.

Abubuwan da aka samu na Amino acid kuma na iya aiki azaman maganin rigakafi da masu haɗin gwiwar ƙwayoyin cuta.Misali, amino acid N-acylated da aka yi ta hanyar fatty acid mai dogon sarkar, amino acid esters da manyan alcohols suka yi ta hanyar esterification, da kuma N-acyl amino acid esters acylated amino acid tare da low alcohols suna da faffadan ayyukan antibacterial akan gram-tabbatacce. da kwayoyin cutar gram-korau, kuma suna yin aiki a kan mold, kuma ana amfani da su sosai azaman masu aiki da abubuwan kiyayewa.Ga wani misali, tare da ƙarin abubuwan amino acid zuwa penicillin G da lysozyme, musamman don ƙara esters amino acid, penicillin G da lysozyme suna nuna ƙarfi na antimicrobial da glycolytic.

An yi amfani da abubuwan da suka samo asali na Amino acid a matsayin magungunan anti-antitumor kamar (1) magungunan anti-neoplastic tare da amino acid a matsayin masu ɗaukar kaya, irin su phenylalanine mustard gas, L-valine, L-glutamate, L-lysine conjugate tare da phenylenediamine nitrogen mustard.(2) Yi amfani da abubuwan da suka samo asali na amino acid a matsayin tsarin analogs na amino acid da ake buƙata don ƙwayoyin ƙari don cimma manufar hana kumburi, kamar S-amino acid-L-cysteine.(3) Magungunan anti-tumor na abubuwan da suka samo asali na amino acid suna aiki azaman masu hana enzyme.Alal misali, N-phosphoacetyl-L-aspartate wani matsayi ne mai hanawa na aspartate transaminophenase, wanda zai iya katse hanyar haɗin gwiwar pyrimidine nucleotide don cimma manufar anti-tumor.(4) Abubuwan Amino acid suna aiki azaman masu hana ƙari na tsaka-tsaki.(5) Abubuwan Amino-Acid waɗanda ke juyar da ƙwayoyin cutar kansa.

Amino acid da abubuwan da aka samo su don aikace-aikacen:

(1) amino acid da abubuwan da suka samo asali

Amino acid na halitta da amino acid da abubuwan da aka samo asali.Methionine na iya hana hanta, necrosis na hanta, da hanta mai kitse, kuma ana iya amfani da glutamate don hana hanta coma, neurasthenia, da farfadiya.5-hydroxytryptophan.

(2) polypeptides da magungunan furotin

Yanayin sinadarai iri ɗaya ne, tare da bambance-bambancen nauyin kwayoyin halitta.Magungunan furotin: serum albumin, nau'in C. globulin, insulin;polypeptide kwayoyi: oxytocin, glucagon.

(3) enzymes da coenzyme kwayoyi

Magungunan Enzyme sun kasu zuwa enzymes masu narkewa (pepsin, trypsin, malamylase), enzymes anti-inflammatory (lysozyme, trypsin), maganin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini (kinin release enzyme yana fadada hanyoyin jini don rage hawan jini), da dai sauransu. Matsayin coenzymes a cikin bayarwa. hydrogen, electron, da kungiyoyi a cikin halayen enzymatic an yi amfani dasu sosai wajen maganin cututtukan hanta da cututtukan zuciya.

(4) Nucleic acid da masu lalata su da abubuwan da suka samo asali

Ana iya amfani da DNA don maganin raunin hankali, rauni, da juriya na radiation, ana amfani da RNA don maganin adjuvant don ciwon hanta na kullum, cirrhosis, da ciwon hanta, kuma polynucleotides sune masu haifar da interferon.

(5) magungunan ciwon sukari

Anticoagulant, lipid-ragewa, antiviral, anti-antitumor, inganta aikin rigakafi, da anti-tsufa.

(6) maganin lipid

Phospholipids: Nepholipid, lecithin ana iya amfani dashi don magance cututtukan hanta, cututtukan zuciya, da neurasthenia.Fatty acid yana rage kitsen jini, hawan jini, da hanta mai hana kitse.

(7) Matsalolin girmar tantanin halitta

Interferon, interleukin, ƙari necrosis factor, da dai sauransu.

(8)Ajin bioproducts

Shirye-shiryen kai tsaye daga ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, dabbobi da kayan ɗan adam ko waɗanda aka yi da fasahar zamani ta zamani, hanyoyin sinadarai azaman shiri don rigakafi, jiyya, gano takamaiman cututtukan cututtuka ko wasu cututtuka.