Ma amino acid ndi gawo lofunikira la zamoyo zamoyo ndipo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazochitika za moyo.Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamoyo, komanso kumvetsetsa kwaumunthu kwa magwiridwe antchito a thupi ndi machitidwe a kagayidwe kachakudya m'zamoyo, ntchito zofunika zamoyo za ma amino acid m'zamoyo zakhala zomveka bwino.Ma amino acid ndi chakudya cha zamoyo, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukhala ndi moyo ndi chitukuko, ndipo amatenga gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera kagayidwe kazinthu komanso kufalitsa chidziwitso m'thupi lamoyo.

M’zaka 30 zapitazi, kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwachitika pa kafukufuku, kakulidwe, ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ma amino acid, pakupeza mitundu yatsopano ya ma amino acid ndi manambala kuchokera pa mitundu pafupifupi 50 m’zaka za m’ma 1960, mpaka pano aposa mitundu 400.Pankhani ya linanena bungwe, dziko amino asidi kupanga anali matani 100,000 okha, tsopano analumpha mamiliyoni matani, linanena bungwe zoposa 10 biliyoni madola.Koma pali kulira kwanthawi yayitali kuchokera pakufunidwa kwenikweni, komwe akatswiri amayembekeza kuti afikire $ 30 biliyoni pofika 2000. Amino acid amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri monga zowonjezera zakudya za anthu, zokometsera zokometsera, zowonjezera chakudya, mankhwala, ndi zina zambiri m'makampani azakudya, ulimi, zoweta. , thanzi la anthu, chisamaliro chaumoyo, ndi zina zambiri.

Kuphatikiza pa kupita patsogolo kwachangu muukadaulo wopanga ndi njira zaukadaulo wamakampani amino acid m'maiko akunja ndi akunja, kukonza kwakuya kwa amino acid ndi chitukuko chatsopano ndi njira ina.Zinthu za amino acid zachokera ku mapuloteni achikhalidwe mpaka kuphatikiza ma amino acid omwe si apuloteni, zotumphukira za amino acid, ndi ma peptide amfupi, gulu lalikulu lomwe limafunikira kwambiri m'moyo wamunthu ndikupanga magulu opanga zinthu, omwe amapereka chitukuko chowonjezereka cha kupanga kwa amino acid. msika wokulirapo, wama amino acid ndi mafakitale okhudzana nawo kukhala wamphamvu watsopano.

Pankhani yamankhwala, zotumphukira za amino acid zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala azachipatala zimagwira ntchito, pochiza matenda a chiwindi, matenda amtima, matenda am'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba, matenda amitsempha, odana ndi kutupa, ndipo palibe ochepera mazana a amino. zotumphukira za asidi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza.Mwachitsanzo, 4-hydroxyproline ndi othandiza kwambiri pochiza matenda a chiwindi ndi kupewa matenda a cirrhosis.N-acetyl-L-glutamine aluminiyamu, dihydroxyl aluminium-L-histidine, histidine-vitamini u-methionine, N-acetyltryptophan aluminiyamu, titaniyamu, bismuth onse ndi mankhwala othandiza matenda odana ndi zilonda.N-diethyline-ethyl-N-acetylglutamatergic imabwezeretsa kutopa, kuchiza komanso kusokoneza magalimoto komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukhumudwa komanso kusokonezeka kwaubongo.Ma syngoguse a La-methyl- β tyrosine okhala ndi callose phenylalanine dehydroxylase, D-3-sulfhydryl-2-methyl acetyl-L proline, ndi okodzetsa, onse ndi abwino kwambiri.Arginine aspirin, lysine aspirin, onse amakhalabe ndi aspirin analgesic kwenikweni, komanso amatha kuchepetsa zotsatirapo zake.N-acetylcysteine ​​hydrochloride ili ndi mphamvu yabwino pa matenda a bronchitis.Ma polima a amino acid tsopano akukhala zida zatsopano zopangira opaleshoni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mayesero azachipatala.Mwachitsanzo, ndi layered bala Manga kutsanzira masoka khungu anapanga ndi copolymerization wa leucine ndi esterified glutamate kapena aspartate asidi, chilonda akhoza bandeji popanda zina unwinding ndi kukhala mbali ya khungu.

Mankhwala a peptide ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kwa amino acid, monga glutathione ndi mankhwala othandiza kuchiza matenda a chiwindi, poyizoni wamankhwala, matupi awo sagwirizana, komanso kupewa ng'ala.Vasopressin, kuphatikiza 9 amino acid, imathandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yabwino komanso ma capillaries komanso imakhala ndi anti-diuretic effect.

Zochokera ku amino acid zimathanso kukhala ngati maantibayotiki ndi ma antimicrobial synergists.Mwachitsanzo, ma amino acid a N-acylated opangidwa ndi mafuta amtundu wautali, ma amino acid esters opangidwa ndi mowa wambiri kudzera mu esterification, ndi N-acyl amino acid esters acylated amino acid okhala ndi ma alcohols otsika amakhala ndi zochita zambiri za antibacterial pa gram-positive. ndi mabakiteriya a gram-negative, komanso amagwiranso ntchito pa nkhungu, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati othandizira komanso otetezera.Mwachitsanzo, ndi Kuwonjezera kwa amino acid zotumphukira kwa penicillin G ndi lisozimu, makamaka kuwonjezera amino acid esters, penicillin G ndi lysozyme amasonyeza amphamvu antimicrobial ndi glycolytic mphamvu.

Zotengera za amino acid zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala oletsa antitumor monga (1) anti-neoplastic mankhwala okhala ndi amino acid monga zonyamulira, monga phenylalanine mpiru mpweya, L-valine, L-glutamate, L-lysine conjugate ndi phenylenediamine nayitrogeni mpiru.(2) Gwiritsani ntchito zotumphukira za amino acid monga ma analogi aamino acid ofunikira kuti maselo a chotupa akwaniritse zolinga zotsutsana ndi chotupa, monga S-amino acid-L-cysteine.(3) Mankhwala a anti-chotupa amino acid omwe amagwira ntchito ngati ma enzyme inhibitors.Mwachitsanzo, N-phosphoacetyl-L-aspartate ndi transition status inhibitor ya aspartate transaminophenase, yomwe imatha kusokoneza njira ya pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis kuti ikwaniritse zolinga zotsutsana ndi zotupa.(4) Zotengera za amino acid zimakhala ngati zoletsa zotupa zapakati.(5) Zochokera ku amino acid zomwe zimasintha ma cell a khansa.

Ma amino acid ndi zotuluka zawo kuti agwiritse ntchito:

(1) ma amino acid ndi zotuluka zake

Natural amino ndi amino zidulo ndi zotumphukira.Methionine ingalepheretse matenda a chiwindi, chiwindi cha necrosis, ndi chiwindi chamafuta, ndipo glutamate ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuteteza chiwindi kukomoka, neurasthenia, ndi khunyu.5-hydroxytryptophan.

(2) polypeptides ndi mapuloteni mankhwala

Chemical chikhalidwe ndi chimodzimodzi, ndi kusiyana maselo kulemera.Mapuloteni mankhwala: seramu albumin, mitundu C. globulin, insulini;polypeptide mankhwala: oxytocin, glucagon.

(3) michere ndi mankhwala a coenzyme

Mankhwala a enzyme amagawidwa m'ma enzymes am'mimba (pepsin, trypsin, malamylase), ma enzymes odana ndi kutupa (lysozyme, trypsin), enzyme yochiza matenda amtima (kinin kumasulidwa kwa puloteni kumachepetsa mitsempha yamagazi), ndi zina. Udindo wa coenzymes popereka hydrogen, electron, ndi magulu mu zochita za enzymatic akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda a mtima.

(4) ma nucleic acid ndi zowononga ndi zotumphukira zake

DNA ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza kufooka kwa maganizo, kufooka, ndi kukana kwa radiation, RNA imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a chiwindi, matenda a cirrhosis, ndi khansa ya chiwindi, ndipo polynucleotides ndi inducers ya interferon.

(5) mankhwala a shuga

Anticoagulant, lipid-kutsitsa, antiviral, anti-antitumor, kulimbikitsa chitetezo chamthupi, ndi anti-kukalamba.

(6) mankhwala a lipid

Phospholipids: Nepholipid, lecithin angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda a chiwindi, matenda a mtima, ndi neurasthenia.Mafuta acids amachepetsa mafuta a m'magazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso chiwindi chamafuta.

(7) kukula kwa maselo

Interferon, interleukin, chotupa necrosis factor, etc.

(8)Gulu la Bioproducts

Kukonzekera mwachindunji kuchokera ku tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zinyama ndi anthu kapena zopangidwa ndi sayansi yamakono, njira zamakono monga kukonzekera kupewa, kuchiza, kuzindikira matenda opatsirana kapena matenda ena.