Amino acids waa qaybaha muhiimka ah ee noolaha noolaha waxayna door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan ifafaalaha nolosha.Horumarka sayniska bayoolojiga, iyo fahamka bini'aadamka ee hawlaha jireed iyo hawlaha dheef-shiid kiimikaadka ee noolaha noolaha, hawlaha muhiimka ah ee bayoolojiga ee amino acids ee noolaha noolaha ayaa noqday mid aad u cad.Amino acids waa nafaqeynta noolaha, walxaha aadka muhiimka u ah badbaadada iyo horumarka, waxayna door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan habaynta dheef-shiid kiimikaadka maadada iyo gudbinta macluumaadka ee jidhka noolaha.

30-kii sano ee la soo dhaafay, horumar la taaban karo ayaa laga sameeyay cilmi-baarista, horumarinta, iyo adeegsiga asiidhyada amino-ka, markii la helay noocyo cusub oo amino acids ah iyo tirooyin ilaa 50 nooc ah sannadihii 1960-kii, ilaa hadda waxay kor u dhaafeen 400 oo nooc.Xagga wax soo saarka, wax-soo-saarka amino acid-ka dunidu waxa uu ahaa 100,000 oo tan oo keliya, hadda waxa uu kor u kacay malaayiin tan, waxa soo baxay in ka badan 10 bilyan oo doollar.Laakiin waxaa jira qaylo dheer oo ka timid baahida dhabta ah, taas oo khubaradu ay filayaan in ay gaaraan $ 30 bilyan sanadka 2000. Amino acids ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa waxyaabaha lagu daro nafaqada bini'aadamka, wax lagu daro xilliyada, quudinta quudinta, daawada, iyo wixii la mid ah warshadaha cuntada, beeraha, xanaanada xoolaha. , caafimaadka dadka, caafimaadka, iyo dhinacyo kale oo badan.

Marka lagu daro horumarka degdega ah ee tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka iyo habka tignoolajiyada warshadaha amino acid ee wadamada gudaha iyo dibadda, farsamaynta amino acid qoto dheer iyo horumarinta badeecada cusub ayaa ah isbeddel kale.Alaabooyinka Amino acid ayaa laga soo saaray borotiinka dhaqameed si ay ugu jiraan amino acids-ka aan borotiinka ahayn, soosaarayaasha amino acids, iyo peptides-gaaban, qayb weyn oo ka mid ah doorka muhiimka ah ee sii kordheysa ee nolosha bini'aadamka iyo kooxaha wax soo saarka, kaas oo bixiya horumarinta dheeraadka ah ee wax soo saarka amino acid suuq weyn, oo loogu talagalay asiidhyada amino iyo warshadaha la xidhiidha nolol cusub.

Marka la eego daawada, soosaarayaasha amino acid ee loo isticmaalo dawooyinka kiliinikada ayaa hadda aad u firfircoon, labadaba daaweynta cudurrada beerka, cudurrada wadnaha, cudurrada boogaha, nabarrada, cudurrada neerfaha, dhinacyada anti-bararka, oo ay jiraan wax aan ka yarayn boqollaal amino. aashitada laga soo saaro ee loo isticmaalo daawaynta.Tusaale ahaan, 4-hydroxyproline waxay aad waxtar ugu leedahay daawaynta cagaarshow dabadheeraad ah iyo ka hortagga cirrhosis.N-acetyl-L-glutamine aluminium, dihydroxyl aluminium-L-histidine, histidine-vitamin u-methionine, N-acetyltryptophan aluminium, titanium, bismuth dhamaantood waa dawooyin wax ku ool ah oo loogu talagalay cudurka ka hortagga boogaha.N-diethyline-ethyl-N-acetylglutamatergic waxay soo celisaa daalka, daawaynta iyo habdhiska dhaqdhaqaaqa oo ay sababto niyad-jabka iyo xanuunada maskaxda.Syngoguses-ka La-methyl-β tyrosine oo leh callose phenylalanine dehydroxylase, D-3-sulfhydryl-2-methyl acetyl-L proline, iyo diuretics, dhamaantood waa xoog badan.Arginine aspirin, lysine aspirin, labaduba waxay ilaalinayaan saameynta xanuunka aspirin, laakiin sidoo kale waxay yareyn kartaa dhibaatooyinka soo raaca.N-acetylcysteine ​​hydrochloride waxay leedahay saameyn aad u fiican oo ku saabsan boronkiitada.polymers Amino acid hadda waxay noqonayaan qalab cusub oo qalliin oo loo isticmaalo tijaabooyinka caafimaad.Tusaale ahaan, duub boogta lakabka leh oo ku dayanaya maqaarka dabiiciga ah ee lagu sameeyay kobolymerization of leucine iyo glutamate esterified ama aspartate acid, nabarka waa la duubi karaa iyada oo aan la sii furin oo ay noqoto qayb ka mid ah maqaarka.

Dawooyinka Peptide sidoo kale waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah codsiyada dawada amino acid, sida glutathione waa daawo wax ku ool ah oo lagu daweeyo cudurka beerka, sumowga daroogada, cudurada xasaasiyadda, iyo ka hortagga cataracts.Vasopressin, oo ay ku jiraan 9 amino acids, waxay kor u qaadaan cadaadiska dhiigga ee halbowlayaasha wanaagsan iyo xididada waxayna sidoo kale leedahay saameyn liddi ku ah dareeraha.

Soosaarayaasha Amino acid waxay sidoo kale u adeegi karaan sidii antibiyootiko iyo isku-dhafka lidka ku ah bakteeriyada.Tusaale ahaan, N-acylated amino acids oo ay sameeyeen asiidh dufan leh oo silsilad dheer ah, amino acids esters oo ay sameeyeen alkolada sare iyada oo loo marayo esterification, iyo N-acyl amino acids esters acylated amino acids oo leh alkohol yar ayaa leh hawlo badan oo bakteeriyada bakteeriyada garaam-positive ah. iyo bakteeriyada garaam-negative, iyo sidoo kale ku dhaqmaan caaryada, oo waxaa si ballaaran loo isticmaalaa sida wakiilada firfircoon iyo ilaalinta.Tusaale kale, marka lagu daro walxaha amino acids ee penicillin G iyo lysozyme, iyo gaar ahaan in lagu daro esters amino acid, penicillin G iyo lysozyme waxay muujinayaan xoogaga antimicrobial iyo glycolytic xooggan.

Soosaarayaasha Amino acid ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay dawooyinka ka hortagga antitumor sida (1) dawooyinka anti-neoplastic oo leh asiidhyada amino sida sideyaal, sida phenylalanine mustard gas, L-valine, L-glutamate, L-lysine conjugate oo leh phenylenediamine nitrogen mustard.(2) U isticmaal soosaarayaasha amino acids sida analoogyada qaab dhismeedka amino acids looga baahan yahay unugyada burooyinka si loo gaaro ujeedooyinka ka hortagga burada, sida S-amino acid-L-cysteine.(3) Daawooyinka lidka-buro ee soosaarayaasha amino acid u shaqeeya sidii enzyme-ka-hortagayaasha.Tusaale ahaan, N-phosphoacetyl-L-aspartate waa xaalad kala-guur ah oo xakameynaya aspartate transaminophenase, taas oo joojin karta dariiqa isku-dhafka nucleotide ee pyrimidine si loo gaaro ujeedooyinka ka hortagga burooyinka.(4) Aashitada Amino acid waxay u dhaqmaan sidii buro joojiyeyaal dhexdhexaadiye ah.(5) Aashitada Amino-acid oo roga unugyada kansarka.

Amino acids iyo waxyaabaha ay ka soo jeedaan si loo isticmaalo:

(1) amino acids iyo asalkooda

Amino-dabiiciga ah iyo asiidhyada amino iyo kuwa ka soo jeeda.Methionine waxay ka hortagi kartaa cagaarshow, necrosis beerka, iyo beerka dufanka leh, iyo glutamate waxaa loo isticmaali karaa si looga hortago miyir-beelka beerka, neurasthenia, iyo suuxdin.5-hydroxytryptophan.

(2) polypeptides iyo daawooyinka borotiinka

Dabeecadda kiimikada waa isku mid, iyada oo ay ku kala duwan yihiin miisaanka kelliyada.Daawooyinka borotiinka: serum albumin, noocyada C. globulin, insulin;Daawooyinka polypeptide: oxytocin, glucagon.

(3) enzymes iyo dawooyinka coenzyme

Dawooyinka Enzyme waxa loo qaybiyaa enzymes dheefshiidka (pepsin, trypsin, malamylase), enzymes anti-bararka (lysozyme, trypsin), daawaynta cudurada wadnaha iyo xididdada dhiigga (kinin sii daayo enzyme ballaadhiyaa xididdada dhiigga si loo yareeyo cadaadiska dhiigga), iwm. Doorka coenzymes ee bixinta hydrogen, electron, iyo kooxaha falcelinta enzymatic ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay daawaynta cudurada beerka iyo cudurada wadnaha.

(4) Asiidhyada nucleic-ka ah iyo kuwa hoos u dhiga iyo kuwa ka soo jeeda

DNA-da waxaa loo isticmaali karaa daawaynta dib u dhac maskaxeed, daciifnimo, iyo iska caabbinta shucaaca, RNA waxaa loo isticmaalaa daawaynta adjuvant ee cagaarshowga daba dheeraatay, cirrhosis, iyo kansarka beerka, iyo polynucleotides waa kuwa keena interferon.

(5) daawooyinka sonkorta

xinjirowga lidka ku ah, dufan-hoos u dhaca, fayraska, antitumor, shaqada difaaca oo la xoojiyey, iyo ka hortagga gabowga.

(6) daroogada dufanka leh

Phospholipids: Nepholipid, lecithin waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu daweeyo cudurrada beerka, cudurada wadnaha, iyo neurasthenia.Asiidhyada dufanku waxay yareeyaan baruurta dhiigga, cadaadiska dhiigga, iyo beerka dufanka leh.

(7) factor koritaanka unugyada

Interferon, interleukin, buro necrosis factor, iwm.

(8)Qaybta bioproducts

Diyaarinta tooska ah ee noolaha, dulin, xayawaanka iyo qalabka bini'aadamka ama laga sameeyay biotechnology casriga ah, hababka kiimikada sida diyaarinta ka hortagga, daaweynta, ogaanshaha cudurrada faafa ee gaarka ah ama cudurrada kale